The thyroid is a tiny butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the throat and is a component of the endocrine system. It produces hormones that regulate the metabolic rate, heart rate, and body temperature. Thyroid cancer develops when cancer cells form in the gland. A mass of cancer cells – the malignant tumor is capable of spreading into neighboring areas. While there are multiple forms of thyroid cancer, papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most prevalent. In approximately 70–80% of cases, it often affects only one lobe of the thyroid gland. About 20% of thyroid cancer cases are follicular thyroid carcinoma. Types of thyroid cancer Researchers have uncovered four primary categories of thyroid cancers: Papillary thyroid carcinoma If a person is detected with thyroid cancer, they are more likely to be this type. Although it frequently invades the lymph nodes in your neck, its growth is typically modest. So, the patient still stands a strong chance of recovering fully. Follicular thyroid cancer 17-20% of thyroid malignancies diagnosed around the world are follicular thyroid tumors. In addition to easily spreading into your blood vessels, it can also expand into your lymph nodes. Medullary cancer 4% of thyroid cancer cases reported are medullary cancer.

Osteoporosis is a bone condition that develops when bone mass and density decrease or when the structure and strength of the bone change. Although it can occur at any age, osteoporosis is a major cause of fractures in postmenopausal women and older men. These fractures most commonly occur in the hips, vertebrae, and the wrist. It is considered a “silent” disease because there are generally no signs or symptoms until a bone breaks. Signs of early-stage osteoporosis In the early stages of osteoporosis, one may notice the following signs: Receding gums If the jaw begins to lose bone density, it can cause the gums to recede. Bone density loss can also make the gums more susceptible to bacteria, increasing the risk for gum disease. Speak to a dentist about screening for bone loss in the jaw. Weaker grip strength Research conducted on postmenopausal women shows a clear link between low bone density and low hand grip strength. Lower grip strength also puts one at a higher risk for falls. Weak and brittle fingernails Nail strength is also a reflection of one’s bone health. Weak and brittle fingernails could signal low bone density or mass. However, nail strength is also influenced by a host of other factors, such as exposure to extremely hot or cold weather, regular use of nail polish or acrylic nails, and submersion in water for long periods.

Prostate cancer, the second most prevalent cancer among American men, often remains hidden until it reaches advanced stages. Typically, the disease progresses slowly, making it challenging to detect in its early stages. As it advances, prostate cancer can affect nearby organs, including the bladder. This article explores the subtle yet crucial signs of bladder damage caused by prostate cancer, shedding light on the importance of early detection and timely intervention. The Interconnected Anatomy Understanding how prostate cancer can harm the bladder requires insight into the intricate interplay between these two vital structures. The prostate gland is beneath the bladder, encircling the urethra, which is a tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. This close proximity means that any malignancy within the prostate can potentially infiltrate the bladder, causing a range of complications. Silent Signals: Signs of Bladder Damage Bladder damage resulting from prostate cancer may manifest in several subtle ways. Being aware of these signs can significantly aid in early detection and better management of the disease. Urinary Frequency and Urgency One of the earliest signs of bladder damage due to prostate cancer is an increase in urinary frequency and urgency. Men may find themselves rushing to the bathroom more frequently and feeling an urgent need to urinate even when the bladder is not full.